Computer World, an information technology website in the United States, wrote today that there will be five historic events that will have an important impact on the Internet in 2021, including changes in servers and operators, the increase of nearly 1000 top-level domain names, and the depletion of IPv4 addresses in Europe
1. The root server may welcome new operators
Since its establishment as a non-profit organization in 1998, ICANN has been responsible for the operation of Internet root servers. However, ICANN's contract will expire in March this year, and a new American organization may take over the operation of this key technology. The 13 root server groups of the Internet are at the top level of DNS (Domain Name System), and can match the website address with the corresponding IP address to facilitate user access to the website. The operation of Root Server Group is in the charge of Internet Number Assignment Company (hereinafter referred to as "IANA"), which is currently managed by Internet Name and Digital Address Assignment Agency.
However, the US government is not prepared to renew the agreement on IANA functions with ICANN, but plans to publicly bid for other US organizations. On November 10, 2020, the National Telecommunications and Information Administration (hereinafter referred to as "NTIA") under the U.S. Department of Commerce conducted a public bidding for this function. The deadline for bidding is December 12, and the contract is expected to be officially signed in the first quarter of this year. The new contract is valid from April 1, 2021 to March 31, 2015.
2. New enterprises may be responsible for registration. Com domain name
Since 1999, Verizon has been in charge. Com domain name. Com has become the most popular top-level domain name in the Internet industry, with 100 million registrations as of last month. At present, there are 280 top-level domain names in the world with a total registration of 220 million, which makes. Com far exceeds any other domain name. Even compared with the second most popular German domain name. De, five times higher than this.
VeriSign signed an operation agreement with ICANN on March 1, 2006, and the agreement will expire on November 30, 2021. However, for VeriSign, there is a positive signal: last June, ICANN renewed its registration agreement. Net domain name, the new deadline has been extended to 2017.
3. Add nearly 1000 top-level domain names
ICANN plans to launch a new project on January 12 to add hundreds of generic top-level domains, such as. hotel. And Paris. The controversial plan was discussed for six years and finally implemented. These new generic top-level domain names of ICANN will become the biggest change in the Internet domain name system since the establishment of ICANN in 1998.
ICANN has expanded the type of Internet domain names twice before: once in 2000, when there were seven suffixes, such as. Biz and. Information has been added; Another time was in 2004, when there were eight suffixes, such as. Asia and. Job added. However, these new domains were not very successful.
However, if ICANN's recent domain name expansion plan succeeds, it will fundamentally change the way domain names are used. The newly approved domain names are expected to include international domain names with non English characters, domain names named after cities or regions, domain names related to special interests, and domain names related to specific enterprises and brands.
4. Add 10000 websites supporting IPv6
September 30, 2021 is the deadline for US federal government agencies to support IPv6 in public websites and network services. It is estimated that more than 10000 websites will be affected by the executive order, which will help promote the deployment of IPv6 in the United States in the next year.
The executive order issued by the Obama administration two years ago also requires government agencies to upgrade Internet client applications so that they can communicate with the server public Internet through IPv6. However, the deadline for this order is September 2020. U.S. federal government agencies must appoint an IPv6 conversion director and purchase network hardware and software to test IPv6.
IPv6 contains more addresses and can support billions of devices to access the Internet directly. However, IPv6 is incompatible with IPv4, which is running out. Network operators can support these two protocols at the same time or switch between them, but the latter may increase delay time and cost.
5. Europe ran out of IPv4 addresses
Internet registrars in Europe may run out of IPv4 addresses in 2021. Jeff Huston, a researcher at the Advanced Internet Architecture Center of Swinburne University of Technology in Australia, estimates that the Internet maturity will exhaust the remaining IPv4 addresses
In April 2011, Asia ran out of IPv4 addresses, leaving only a small amount of inventory among start-up network operators. Registered service providers in North America may also run out of IPv4 addresses in 2013. The exhaustion of IPv4 addresses in many parts of the world will force American operators and enterprises to accelerate the transition to IPv6. For example, Comcast, an American cable television and broadband operator, has said that it will deploy high-quality IPv6 services throughout the United States in 2021.
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